Hot shot trucking is a popular option for drivers who want to run a smaller, more flexible operation without the need for a commercial driver’s license (CDL). A non-CDL hot shot business can be a lucrative entry point into the freight and logistics industry—but only if you take the right steps.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through the essential steps, rules, and responsibilities you need to understand before launching your own non-CDL hot shot business.
What Is a Non-CDL Hot Shot Business?
Hot shot trucking involves hauling time-sensitive loads using medium-duty trucks and trailers. A non-CDL hot shot setup means your truck and trailer combination falls below the federal weight limits that require a commercial driver’s license.
To operate without a CDL, your vehicle must meet the following criteria:
- The gross combined weight rating (GCWR) must be under 26,001 pounds.
- The trailer’s GVWR is typically under 10,001 pounds if the truck is near the upper limit.
However, it’s not just about the numbers on paper. In practice, many states and shippers have additional rules or contract requirements. Always verify regulations with your state’s Department of Motor Vehicles and the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA).
Step 1: Set Up Your Business Legally
Before hitting the road, get your business registered properly:
- Choose a business structure (LLC, sole proprietorship, etc.)
- Register your business name with your state
- Apply for an EIN from the IRS
- Open a business bank account
This is also the time to get your accounting system in place. Many hot shot truckers run into issues with cash flow and taxes because they don’t set up the right foundation from the beginning.
Step 2: Understand CDL and DOT Rules
Just because you don’t need a CDL doesn’t mean you’re exempt from all regulations.
Here are the federal requirements that often still apply:
- USDOT number: Required for interstate carriers or if you’re hauling for-hire.
- MC number (Operating Authority): Required if you’re transporting regulated commodities across state lines.
- Driver medical exam: You may need a valid DOT medical card even without a CDL.
- Drug testing: If operating under DOT authority, pre-employment and random testing may be required.
- Hours of Service (HOS) & ELD compliance: May apply depending on operation type and mileage.
Step 3: Get the Right Equipment
To stay under the CDL threshold, you’ll need to choose your vehicle and trailer carefully. A common setup includes:
- ¾-ton or 1-ton pickup truck
- Gooseneck or bumper-pull trailer with a GVWR under 10,000 lbs
Make sure to:
- Check the combined GVWR doesn’t exceed 26,000 lbs
- Avoid overloading to stay compliant and protect your vehicle
Hot shot loads are often heavy, awkward, or urgent—buy equipment that’s up for the task.
Step 4: Purchase Insurance Coverage
Even as a non-CDL operator, you’ll need the proper insurance to operate legally and win contracts. Most brokers and shippers won’t let you haul without it.
Standard hot shot insurance includes:
- Auto liability (minimum $750,000 for federal requirements)
- Cargo insurance ($100,000 is typical)
- Physical damage for your truck/trailer
- General liability for business protection
These coverages help protect your operation and ensure compliance with FMCSA or broker contracts.
Step 5: Apply for Authority and Register with the FMCSA
If you’ll be operating for-hire across state lines, you need to:
- Register with the FMCSA
- Get a USDOT number
- Apply for MC operating authority
- File a BOC-3 form (Designates a process agent)
- Submit proof of insurance to the FMCSA
You’ll also register in the Unified Carrier Registration (UCR) system.
Even non-CDL hot shot drivers may need all of the above to operate legally in certain states or under specific broker agreements.
Step 6: Build Your Load Strategy
Many hot shot truckers start out by finding loads through:
- Load boards like Truckstop.com or DAT
- Freight brokers who work with smaller carriers
- Direct shipper outreach to form long-term relationships
Over time, building a network will lead to repeat business, fewer fees, and higher profits.
Step 7: Plan for Business Growth
As your business scales, your responsibilities will change. You’ll need to:
- Hire drivers (which may require CDL compliance)
- Upgrade to larger equipment (may require CDL & heavier insurance)
- Track maintenance and fuel costs more closely
- Implement back-office systems for dispatching and invoicing
Starting small gives you a learning curve. But planning for growth from the beginning helps avoid costly mistakes.
Final Tips for Non-CDL Hot Shot Success
- Know your limits: Exceeding the weight limit can void your non-CDL status.
- Double-check contracts: Shippers and brokers often have insurance and authority requirements beyond federal rules.
- Document everything: Keep receipts, maintenance records, and load confirmations organized.
- Avoid underpricing: Don’t accept rates that don’t cover fuel, maintenance, taxes, and profit.
Is Hot Shot Trucking Without a CDL Worth It?
Starting a non-CDL hot shot trucking business is doable, but it’s not without risk. You’ll still need to comply with many regulations, carry insurance, and operate professionally to make it work.
But for motivated owner-operators who want flexibility and a lower barrier to entry, it’s a great place to start.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. Always check with your local state and federal regulations before starting a trucking business.